Admission Essay for Counseling Psychology Program

My nation, Serbia, experienced a time of fear and wars, particularly during the NATO Bombing in 1999. This checking occasion in our history showed me more than what my proper training could. Before this calamity struck, I was a full-time understudy and the University of Pristina studying English Language and Literature. During the high of political changes, the circumstance in Kosovo was at that point tense.Minorities had steady incitements, and disdain had a firm engraving on the individuals. My life was intensely affected, just as my training. I had encountered direct being â€Å"persona non grate† in the your adolescence community.I wished everybody could comprehend what this implied for us all, paying little mind to what our identity was and where we originated from. Being indicted and not reserving the privilege to make the most of our school days was a sharp memory, yet something I live by as a wellspring of my quality. I encountered inclinations and preference, yet I st and firm.I was dealt with seriously, however my fantasies never obscured from my sight. I was genuinely influenced, however I was progressively enlivened to seek after these fantasies, and become an instructor. Opportunity in this nation was underestimated, and our school life overlooked.The war made it important for me to leave Pristina and Kosovo. Stunned and frightened, I returned to a home where flames, bombings and NATO planes attacked my day by day agenda. The shrieking alarms didn't support our circumstance. It appeared that we only trusted that the bomb will drop on our heads and oppose us from minor existence.During all the frenzy, I attempted to stifle my worry by being idealistic for my family and friends.â As a kid, I have been my family's â€Å"corrupter of words†, as I've generally considered myself to be one of Shakespeare’s fools. My mother consistently called attention to my capacity to modify words and it's implications to make an individual â€Å" philosophical† statement.I would frequently include humor when the our lives would appear to be tasteless, different occasions when we feel the frenzy slithering through our bones, and dread totally drawing our countenances. The bombings showed us this.As you watch the planes each day, you'd get the chance to understand that there are things you can do as not to be so focused. Since we were unable to forestall the numerous fiascos in our lives, we can re-outline the dread and agony to something increasingly positive. The thought was to carry on with your life as typically as could reasonably be expected, by encouraging yourself to be visually impaired of a portion of the negative occasions in our lives.It wasn't too awful during those alarming days. There were sure results also, as in parties where the remarkable cleverness and soul in my way of life gave me a decent confidence and hopefulness to make due one days from now. On the off chance that I couldn’t dispose of w orry by changing or disregarding the circumstance, the least I could do was offer social support.My significant enthusiasm for instructing English to individuals of various dialects didn’t waver because of the war. It permitted me to finish my training on schedule, and start my profession as an English instructor. In the homeroom, it is especially significant for me to comprehend the perspective of the understudy, and use silliness and genuine circumstances to get my focuses across.I built up my enthusiasm for exploring about language through my undergrad contemplates. My more prominent intrigue is on how sociocultural variables affect the mindfulness, plan, execution, and evaluation of a second language in a multicultural network, in contrast with those in socially homogeneous communities.ESL classes in Serbia were increasingly British arranged, both in phonetics and culture. As a youthful instructor, I have consistently been available to new educating strategies. I likewise attempted to include curiosities into the educational program. My choice to go through a year in the United States was bolstered by my longing to become familiar with the American culture.I accept this will widen my points of view on social assorted variety and various frameworks of instruction. Besides, this will increase my own and expert turn of events. I can say that life can be truly erratic on the grounds that my one year visit become an existence of experience and conceivable outcomes by examining psychology.You would know whether you are encountering life if the breeze pushes you every which way. My faculties were encircled with vulnerability as I included myself in an alternate culture. I knew how it felt to be a little fish in a major lake. Being a universal understudy from Eastern Europe didn't set me up for the many intriguing things another nation can offer me.The starting information picked up from course readings, and the spots I've made a trip to see, were put to sq uander as I ventured onto obscure region. I felt vulnerable, and needed urgently to return home. I could have been with my family, a cup of cappuccino and the paper inside my grips. Be that as it may, despite the fact that I encountered culture stun, I accept hands-on instruction is as yet the best teacher.Soon subsequent to showing up in another nation, I was gotten between my old qualities from my local culture, and the new estimations of the host culture. I was compelled to adjust so as to endure. Acclimating to another culture, new framework, and new life, was not a simple errand. Be that as it may, my capacity to adjust permitted me to confront any snag. My objectives were constantly set at whatever point I face any test. I never let my confidence falter.I love to feel tested in light of the fact that it makes me work twice as hard. I demonstrated this by acquiring my second college degree (BA in Liberal Arts/Psychology) and graduating with the most elevated honors.â I genera lly attempted to go after the stars.â But the contrary side of the coin is wistfulness. Something that is available when I am working, contemplating, eating, and in any event, when sleeping.Being a global understudy among individual outsiders in the US caused me to acknowledge how much social help and understanding was important to challenge and accomplish scholastically in different nations. By considering the issues understudies have in the US, and by creating various methodologies and arrangements, I trust I can be an incredible instructor in a multicultural world. Just by its idea made me anxious to find out additional, and increment the collection of directing styles and abilities nearby others.During my senior year of school, I led a broad writing survey on â€Å"psychosocial change issues of universal understudies and the requirement for social support†. I refined my exploration aptitudes in information examination utilizing SPSS, just as my capacity to introduce my discoveries in the way of an acknowledged proficient examination paper.I delighted in directing the writing survey the most, moving toward it as a scrounger chase and considering the amount and nature of data found as my prize. This venture, alongside my other undergrad examines, set me up for the rigors of graduate examination and the boundaries of effective exploration. Proficient encounters, examination, and college classes at Menlo College have additionally animated my enthusiasm for brain science and strengthened my conviction that I am appropriate to the field.Although these fluctuated research encounters have furnished me with principal abilities, I despite everything feel the requirement for all the more preparing. All things considered, school was one of the most invigorating periods throughout my life, and I discovered enormous assurance to accomplish my objective of helping other people through the investigation of psychology.Looking from the forthcoming of an understudy gave me more retrospection on my showing calling, which I love so much.â However, life is a charming railroad with numerous stations.â Some of those stations I got off at were acceptable encounters and some terrible. However, over all, it has been an excursion that keeps on.Helping others arrive at their objectives, having an uplifting disposition, and committing both individual and expert development were the qualities I held when I entered Menlo College.â They stay as a fundamental piece of my hard working attitude today.My worldwide understudy understanding, and many exploration ventures, have helped me accomplish a hypothetical establishment for the significant work of helping understudies prevail in school. We should have a comprehension and sympathy for differing understudy populaces. I took in this from the long stretches of instructing experience. Moreover, I am ready to exhibit my qualities and capacities to relate successfully with people from all levels and social b ackgrounds.These encounters have not just shown me important exercises understudy life, yet have likewise fortified my enthusiasm for seeking after my vocation in guiding brain science. Graduate school will empower me to create crucial exploration and guiding aptitudes, and the strong scholastic foundation that I should be an effective instructor and researcher.A ace's program in directing brain science won't just develop and refine my contribution in research, yet additionally outfit me to manage the difficulties of a MS program. The blend of MFT and my guiding degree will empower me to satisfy my vocation desires and energy for helping understudies out of luck. Moreover, I can set myself up in confronting the multifaceted nature of psychotherapy and unusualness when managing intense subject matters of people and their families.I have all the attributes should have been a decent advisor. Without a doubt, my dedication to my instruction will be the best resource of all. Having the o ption to effectively helpâ people later on will be my most prominent compensation for the exertion and speculation I will place myself into

Environment and corporate culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Condition and corporate culture - Essay Example Proactive reasoning and versatile methodology structures is center ideas which can assist associations with executing a culture inside an association to adapt up to the quick moving turns of events. Association confronting a violent situation must have a versatile culture so as to stay up with the changing states of market. It is basic for each association to follow the switching condition and return up with techniques in the event that they wish to get by in the business. There are number of items and administrations accessible in showcase, the person who thinks of imaginative and versatile methodologies can endure the opposition. These days, there are number of counseling offices, which are offering their types of assistance to association. These offices help association in creating suitable procedures and culture of themselves. Some of them incorporate Toffler Associates, Bloom Institute Inc and so on. Toffler Associates have arranged a benchmark measure for organizations with the goal that they can start Adaptive Culture in their association. This basis stress fundamentally on five significant territories. So as to make an association versatile, an association needs to make changes in the accompanying five regions: I. Individuals ii. Procedure iii. Methodology iv. Structure v. Innovation Any association can tap these five regions so as to seek after the Adaptive Culture. The status at which an organization needs to remain all together depict as an Adaptive Cultured association has been plainly referenced in the reports of Toffler Associates. So as to address the worldwide difficulties of 21st century, each organization needs to have some level of adaption. In this paper, organization will be examined which has now gotten extremely unmistakable because of its mechanical development and moment adaption. The name of this organization is â€Å"Apple Inc.† Apple Inc has outperformed practically all the major mechanical situated organization with regards t o adaption and development. A nitty gritty portrayal of the adaption of Apple Inc has been referenced in the resulting segments of this paper. Versatile Culture at Apple Inc Corporate culture characterizes the specific arrangement of standards and qualities shared by individuals and gatherings of each association. Each association characterizes the objectives that are to be accomplished just as the measures of conduct for achieving these objectives. It is the obligation of the administration to characterize and impart these objectives association wide. By taking a case of Apple Inc, it very well may be expressed that in spite of number of changes in the CEO level of the organization, Apple Inc has kept up its corporate culture, which had been presented when the organization was established in 1970s. By taking a gander at the verifiable execution of the organization, it very well may be said that the organization has figured out how to keep a blend of two of the most significant soci eties: I. Inventive Culture ii. Versatile Culture At the start, to certain degree, the way of life of the organization was Individualistic, which implies that it put accentuation on the individual strengthening and imagination of people. Worried to the difficulties and circumstances of 21st century, the top administration of the organization has reconsidered their procedures. In this manner, the underlying insubordinate, crazy and individualistic culture has been changed over into rising, creative and versatile culture. Nonetheless, the guiding principle of the organization have remained

What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio

What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio? What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio?If youre applying for a mortgage loan, an auto loan, or even just a regular personal loan, lenders will be looking at your DTI to see whether or not you can afford it.When it comes to the numbers that rule your financial life, you’re probably familiar with the big ones like your credit score: Even if you don’t have good credit, you still know that you should try to keep your score as high as possible.But there’s another important number that you might not be so familiar with: your debt-to-income ratio. And while it’s luckily one of the simpler money metrics out thereâ€"unlike, say, your credit scoreâ€"it can have massively important implications for your financial future.What is the debt-to-income ratio?“Your debt-to-income ratio (known as DTI) is an important financial metric that you really do need to understand, explained CFP Patricia Russell, founder personal finance blog,  FinanceMarvel. And while some financial termsâ€"like “amortiz ation” for instanceâ€"can be slightly opaque, your debt-to-income ration is not one of them.“In simple terms, your DTI ratio is all of your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income (expressed as a percentage), said Russell. This metric or ratio is heavily scrutinized by lenders to assess your ability to service your monthly repayments on the money you have borrowed.”It’s important to emphasize that your DTI doesn’t measure your total debt load to your total yearly income. Instead, as Russell laid out, it measures the amount of money you’re obligated to pay towards that debt every month against your monthly income.“It’s a ratio that affects your ability to access a loan,” said millennial money expert Robert Farrington, founder of TheCollegeInvestor.com (@CollegeInvestin). The basic idea is if you have too much debt relative to your income, lenders might hesitate or refuse to give you the credit you need for a large purchase.”“Your debt-to-incom e ratio (DTI) most often comes up when buying a house,” he continued, “but it is also considered by potential landlords or lessors of cars. By pulling your credit report, someone can calculate your DTI and decide whether to loan, rent, or lease to you.”What kind of debts and income count?According to Farrington, the debt obligations factored into your DTI are those that fall under the category of recurring debt, or debts that you can’t simply cancel at any time.“This includes mortgage, rent, car loans, personal loans, monthly minimum credit card payments, alimony, child support, and, of course, student loans. These are debts that are not going to go away until you’ve fully repaid them,” he said.And which debts do not count towards your DTI?“Despite the fact that you may have contracts with your internet, cable, or phone provider, you can technically pull the plug on these services any time, so they do not count. Nor do other kinds of utilities like electricity and wa ter,” said Farrington.He also went to explain which sources of income count towards the other half of the ratio. In short, it doesn’t just have to money that you earn from a job. “Your income can include not just wages, salary, and tips, but also alimony and child support, Social Security benefits, and pension,” he said. “Pretty much any money you take in on a monthly basis on the books can be considered income.”How can you calculate your DTI?Knowing what a DTI is won’t do you a ton of good if you can’t figure out how to calculate it. Luckily, figuring out your DTI is pretty simple and doesn’t require a financial advisor.“To calculate, one simply takes all debt payments and divides by gross monthly income,” said Robert R. Johnson, Professor of Finance in the  Heider College of Business, Creighton University  (@CreightonBiz). “This includes all debt paymentsâ€"mortgages, student loans, auto loans, credit cards, etc.”To give you an idea of what this process l ooks like, Farrington helpfully provided the following example:  â€œIf you have $1,000 per month in debt obligations and $3,200 per month in income, divide 1,000 by 3,200 and your answer is .3125. Round that to .31, multiply by 100, and you have a 31 percent DTI ratioâ€"Meaning that 31 percent of your income is taken by debt obligations per month.”What is a good debt-to-income ratio?When lenders are looking at your DTI, it’s to help them determine whether or not you can pay back the loan you’re applying forâ€"the same goes for landlords. As such, you want to try and keep your DTI fairly low. But the thresholds for what is an acceptable ratio can change depending on what kind of loan (or lease) you are applying for.When it comes to applying for a mortgage loan, Farrington cites Fannie Mae guidelines that say 50 percent is the acceptable DTI ceiling for prospective homebuyers. But just because 50 percent is the ceiling, doesn’t mean you shouldn’t aim lower. And the data back s that up.“According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), the highest ratio a borrower can have and still be eligible for a Qualified Mortgage is 43 percent,” said Johnson. And, a Qualified Mortgage is a category of loans that have certain, more stable features that help make it more likely that the borrower will be able to afford the loan.“According to the CFPB, evidence from studies of mortgage loans suggests that borrowers with a higher debt-to-income ratio are more likely to run into trouble making monthly payments,” he added.”If you’re looking to take out an auto loan, Farrington says that a DTI of 36 percent or below is ideal to get a reasonable deal. Meanwhile, if you’re applying to rent a house or an apartment, he cautioned that DTI will vary, largely by location and property owner.“Many landlords will require that the rent will amount to no more than 33 percent of your income. Some may be more lenient and go up to 45 percent or 50 percent,” he said.If youre looking for a good overall ratio to set as your goal, aim for something just south of 30 percent. “An ideal ratio is generally around 28 percent although as mentioned above lenders will accept a higher ratio depending on other factors including your credit score, your savings levels, other assets you own,” advised Russell.But she also warned that folks shouldn’t necessarily count on a good credit score saving you from a high DTI: “Whilst credit bureaus dont look at your DTI ratio, often a borrower who has a DTI ratio also has a high credit utilization ratio which does count for around 30 percent of your credit score..Johnson agreed with 28 percent figure, while also reiterating that the lower your ratio was, the better off you’ll be.How can you improve your DTI?If you’re looking to take out a big loan and you have a high debt-to-income ratio, it’s probably best to wait. In the meantime, Russell shared three ways that people can tackle their debt and im prove their DTI.“Create a budget to track your spending:  By keeping track of exactly where your money is going, you will often find unnecessary and extravagant daily expenses. This could be something as simple as a daily $5 coffee, which over a year is $1,825 that could go towards paying down your debts.”“Prepared a strategy to pay off your debt:  My two favorite methods are the snowball and avalanche methods. How the snowball method works is that you start by paying off your smallest debt first whilst making the minimum payments on your other loans. Once you have paid off the smallest you then work your way onto the next one etc. With the Avalanche method, you focus on paying off the loan with the highest interest rate first. Whichever method you choose its important to stick with it.”“Dont take on more debt:  In order to get your debts under control, you need to avoid the temptation of taking on more debts. Dont rack up unnecessary credit card debts and avoid major purc hases like a new car on finance. New loans will really hurt your DTI ratio and wont help your credit rating either.”Paying down your debt is important for your financial health. But it might not be wise to throw yourself into debt repayment if it means foregoing other important financial priorities.“Achieving financial security is not a linear process,” said Johnson. By that, I mean that you often have to work on several competing goals at once. For instance, some people are so intent on extinguishing their credit card debtâ€"certainly a worthy goalâ€"that they choose not to participate in a workplace 401k plan.“A 401k plan affords the participant many advantages,” he continued. First, the contributions made reduce your income tax bill by reducing taxable income.  Second, if the employer matches contributionsâ€"essentially you receive an immediate 100 percent return on investment. When one doesn’t participate in an employee matching plan, one is essentially turning down free money.”Your DTI is important, but so is saving for retirement, building an emergency fund, and a whole host of other financial priorities. Take things slow and steady, and you should come out a winner on the other end. And to learn more about how you can build a brighter financial future, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Building Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersSave More Money with These 40 Expert TipsThe Debt Snowball Method Can Help You Get out of DebtHow to Raise Your Credit Score by 100 PointsDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributors???????Robert Farrington is a Millennial Money Expert and Founder of TheCollegeInvestor.com (@CollegeInvestin). He focuses on helping people get out of student loan debt to start investing and building wealth early.Robert R. Johnson, PhD, CFA, CAIA is a Professor of Finance in the  Heider College of Bus iness, Creighton University  (@CreightonBiz). He is also Chairman and CEO of Economic Index Associates, home to a new paradigm in Index investing. Dr. Johnson is the co-author of the books Invest With the Fed, Strategic Value Investing, Investment Banking for Dummies, and The Tools and Techniques of Investment Planning.Patricia Russell is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) and the founder of the personal finance blog,  FinanceMarvel, which provides free financial advice on managing credit, debit and savings. Patricia has more than 10 years experience in helping families and individuals take control of their personal finances and achieve financial independence.

What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio

What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio? What Is Your Debt-to-Income Ratio?If youre applying for a mortgage loan, an auto loan, or even just a regular personal loan, lenders will be looking at your DTI to see whether or not you can afford it.When it comes to the numbers that rule your financial life, you’re probably familiar with the big ones like your credit score: Even if you don’t have good credit, you still know that you should try to keep your score as high as possible.But there’s another important number that you might not be so familiar with: your debt-to-income ratio. And while it’s luckily one of the simpler money metrics out thereâ€"unlike, say, your credit scoreâ€"it can have massively important implications for your financial future.What is the debt-to-income ratio?“Your debt-to-income ratio (known as DTI) is an important financial metric that you really do need to understand, explained CFP Patricia Russell, founder personal finance blog,  FinanceMarvel. And while some financial termsâ€"like “amortiz ation” for instanceâ€"can be slightly opaque, your debt-to-income ration is not one of them.“In simple terms, your DTI ratio is all of your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income (expressed as a percentage), said Russell. This metric or ratio is heavily scrutinized by lenders to assess your ability to service your monthly repayments on the money you have borrowed.”It’s important to emphasize that your DTI doesn’t measure your total debt load to your total yearly income. Instead, as Russell laid out, it measures the amount of money you’re obligated to pay towards that debt every month against your monthly income.“It’s a ratio that affects your ability to access a loan,” said millennial money expert Robert Farrington, founder of TheCollegeInvestor.com (@CollegeInvestin). The basic idea is if you have too much debt relative to your income, lenders might hesitate or refuse to give you the credit you need for a large purchase.”“Your debt-to-incom e ratio (DTI) most often comes up when buying a house,” he continued, “but it is also considered by potential landlords or lessors of cars. By pulling your credit report, someone can calculate your DTI and decide whether to loan, rent, or lease to you.”What kind of debts and income count?According to Farrington, the debt obligations factored into your DTI are those that fall under the category of recurring debt, or debts that you can’t simply cancel at any time.“This includes mortgage, rent, car loans, personal loans, monthly minimum credit card payments, alimony, child support, and, of course, student loans. These are debts that are not going to go away until you’ve fully repaid them,” he said.And which debts do not count towards your DTI?“Despite the fact that you may have contracts with your internet, cable, or phone provider, you can technically pull the plug on these services any time, so they do not count. Nor do other kinds of utilities like electricity and wa ter,” said Farrington.He also went to explain which sources of income count towards the other half of the ratio. In short, it doesn’t just have to money that you earn from a job. “Your income can include not just wages, salary, and tips, but also alimony and child support, Social Security benefits, and pension,” he said. “Pretty much any money you take in on a monthly basis on the books can be considered income.”How can you calculate your DTI?Knowing what a DTI is won’t do you a ton of good if you can’t figure out how to calculate it. Luckily, figuring out your DTI is pretty simple and doesn’t require a financial advisor.“To calculate, one simply takes all debt payments and divides by gross monthly income,” said Robert R. Johnson, Professor of Finance in the  Heider College of Business, Creighton University  (@CreightonBiz). “This includes all debt paymentsâ€"mortgages, student loans, auto loans, credit cards, etc.”To give you an idea of what this process l ooks like, Farrington helpfully provided the following example:  â€œIf you have $1,000 per month in debt obligations and $3,200 per month in income, divide 1,000 by 3,200 and your answer is .3125. Round that to .31, multiply by 100, and you have a 31 percent DTI ratioâ€"Meaning that 31 percent of your income is taken by debt obligations per month.”What is a good debt-to-income ratio?When lenders are looking at your DTI, it’s to help them determine whether or not you can pay back the loan you’re applying forâ€"the same goes for landlords. As such, you want to try and keep your DTI fairly low. But the thresholds for what is an acceptable ratio can change depending on what kind of loan (or lease) you are applying for.When it comes to applying for a mortgage loan, Farrington cites Fannie Mae guidelines that say 50 percent is the acceptable DTI ceiling for prospective homebuyers. But just because 50 percent is the ceiling, doesn’t mean you shouldn’t aim lower. And the data back s that up.“According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), the highest ratio a borrower can have and still be eligible for a Qualified Mortgage is 43 percent,” said Johnson. And, a Qualified Mortgage is a category of loans that have certain, more stable features that help make it more likely that the borrower will be able to afford the loan.“According to the CFPB, evidence from studies of mortgage loans suggests that borrowers with a higher debt-to-income ratio are more likely to run into trouble making monthly payments,” he added.”If you’re looking to take out an auto loan, Farrington says that a DTI of 36 percent or below is ideal to get a reasonable deal. Meanwhile, if you’re applying to rent a house or an apartment, he cautioned that DTI will vary, largely by location and property owner.“Many landlords will require that the rent will amount to no more than 33 percent of your income. Some may be more lenient and go up to 45 percent or 50 percent,” he said.If youre looking for a good overall ratio to set as your goal, aim for something just south of 30 percent. “An ideal ratio is generally around 28 percent although as mentioned above lenders will accept a higher ratio depending on other factors including your credit score, your savings levels, other assets you own,” advised Russell.But she also warned that folks shouldn’t necessarily count on a good credit score saving you from a high DTI: “Whilst credit bureaus dont look at your DTI ratio, often a borrower who has a DTI ratio also has a high credit utilization ratio which does count for around 30 percent of your credit score..Johnson agreed with 28 percent figure, while also reiterating that the lower your ratio was, the better off you’ll be.How can you improve your DTI?If you’re looking to take out a big loan and you have a high debt-to-income ratio, it’s probably best to wait. In the meantime, Russell shared three ways that people can tackle their debt and im prove their DTI.“Create a budget to track your spending:  By keeping track of exactly where your money is going, you will often find unnecessary and extravagant daily expenses. This could be something as simple as a daily $5 coffee, which over a year is $1,825 that could go towards paying down your debts.”“Prepared a strategy to pay off your debt:  My two favorite methods are the snowball and avalanche methods. How the snowball method works is that you start by paying off your smallest debt first whilst making the minimum payments on your other loans. Once you have paid off the smallest you then work your way onto the next one etc. With the Avalanche method, you focus on paying off the loan with the highest interest rate first. Whichever method you choose its important to stick with it.”“Dont take on more debt:  In order to get your debts under control, you need to avoid the temptation of taking on more debts. Dont rack up unnecessary credit card debts and avoid major purc hases like a new car on finance. New loans will really hurt your DTI ratio and wont help your credit rating either.”Paying down your debt is important for your financial health. But it might not be wise to throw yourself into debt repayment if it means foregoing other important financial priorities.“Achieving financial security is not a linear process,” said Johnson. By that, I mean that you often have to work on several competing goals at once. For instance, some people are so intent on extinguishing their credit card debtâ€"certainly a worthy goalâ€"that they choose not to participate in a workplace 401k plan.“A 401k plan affords the participant many advantages,” he continued. First, the contributions made reduce your income tax bill by reducing taxable income.  Second, if the employer matches contributionsâ€"essentially you receive an immediate 100 percent return on investment. When one doesn’t participate in an employee matching plan, one is essentially turning down free money.”Your DTI is important, but so is saving for retirement, building an emergency fund, and a whole host of other financial priorities. Take things slow and steady, and you should come out a winner on the other end. And to learn more about how you can build a brighter financial future, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Building Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersSave More Money with These 40 Expert TipsThe Debt Snowball Method Can Help You Get out of DebtHow to Raise Your Credit Score by 100 PointsDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributors???????Robert Farrington is a Millennial Money Expert and Founder of TheCollegeInvestor.com (@CollegeInvestin). He focuses on helping people get out of student loan debt to start investing and building wealth early.Robert R. Johnson, PhD, CFA, CAIA is a Professor of Finance in the  Heider College of Bus iness, Creighton University  (@CreightonBiz). He is also Chairman and CEO of Economic Index Associates, home to a new paradigm in Index investing. Dr. Johnson is the co-author of the books Invest With the Fed, Strategic Value Investing, Investment Banking for Dummies, and The Tools and Techniques of Investment Planning.Patricia Russell is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) and the founder of the personal finance blog,  FinanceMarvel, which provides free financial advice on managing credit, debit and savings. Patricia has more than 10 years experience in helping families and individuals take control of their personal finances and achieve financial independence.

Mauryan Empire Free Essays

SYLLABUS OF FIRST PAPER OF TET Paper II (for classes VI to VIII) Elementary Stage: 30 Questions I. Child Development and Pedagogy 15 Questions a) Child Development (Elementary School Child) †¢ Concept of development and its relationship with learning †¢ Principles of the development of children †¢ Influence of Heredity Environment †¢ Socialization processes: Social world children (Teacher, Parents, Peers) †¢ Piaget, Kohlberg and Vygotsky: constructs and critical perspectives †¢ Concepts of child-centered and progressive education †¢ Critical perspective of the construct of Intelligence Multi Dimensional Intelligence †¢ Language Thought †¢ Gender as a social construct; gender roles, gender-bias and educational practice †¢ Individual differences among learners, understanding differences based on diversity of language, caste, gender, community, religion etc. †¢ Distinction between Assessment for learning and assessment of learnin g; SchoolBased Assessment, Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation: perspective and practice †¢ Formulating appropriate questions for assessing readiness levels of learners; for enhancing learning and critical thinking in the classroom and or assessing learner achievement. We will write a custom essay sample on Mauryan Empire or any similar topic only for you Order Now b) Concept of Inclusive education and understanding children with special needs 5 Questions †¢ Addressing learners from diverse backgrounds including disadvantaged and deprived †¢ Addressing the needs of children with learning difficulties, ‘impairment’ etc †¢ Addressing the Talented, Creative, Specially abled Learners c) Learning and Pedagogy 10 Questions †¢ How children think and learn; how and why children ‘fail’ to achieve success in school performance †¢ Basic processes of teaching and learning; children’s strategies of learning; learning as social activity; social context of learning. †¢ Child as a problem solver and a ‘scientific investigator’ Alternative conceptions of learning in children; understanding children’s ‘errors’ as significant steps in the learning process. †¢ Cognition Emotions †¢ Motivation and learning †¢ Factors contributing to learning personal en vironmental II. Language I. 30 Questions a) Language Comprehension 15 Questions Reading unseen passages- two passages one prose or drama and one poem with questions on comprehension, inference, grammar and verbal ability (Prose passage may e literary, scientific, narrative or discursive) b) Pedagogy of Language Development 15 Questions †¢ Learning and acquisition †¢ Principles of language Teaching †¢ Role of listening and speaking; function of language and how children use it as a tool †¢ Critical perspective on the role of grammar in learning a language for communicating ideas verbally and in written form; †¢ Challenges of teaching language in a diverse classroom; language difficulties, errors and disorders †¢ Language Skills †¢ Evaluating language comprehension and proficiency: speaking, listening, reading and writing Teaching-learning materials: Textbook, multi-media materials, multilingual resource of the classroom †¢ Remedial Teaching III . Language- II 30 Questions a)Comprehension 15 Questions Two unseen prose passages (discursive or literary or narrative or scientific) with questions on comprehension, grammar and verbal ability b) Pedagogy of Language Development 15 Questions †¢ Learning and acquisition †¢ Principles of language Teaching †¢ Role of listening and speaking; function of language and how children use it as a tool †¢ Critical perspective on the role of grammar in learning a language for communicating deas verbally and in written form; †¢ Challenges of teaching language in a diverse classroom; language difficulties, errors and disorders †¢ Language Skills †¢ Evaluating language comprehension and proficiency: speaking, listening, reading and writing †¢ Teaching-learning materials: Textbook, multi-media materials, multilingual resource of the classroom †¢ Remedial Teaching ____________________________________________________________ _____ SECTION 2 Section-I CHI LD DEVELPOMENT AND PEDAGOGY 1. Raja, a student of your class, is very tense due to the acne on his face. What will u do? (1) Ignore him. 2) Tell him that it is normal and is due to hormonal changes. (3) Tell him to go to a doctor as it is a medical problem. (4) Scold and tell him not to waste time on these issues. 2. A student wants to share his personal problems and asks for permission to call on u at your residence. What should be your response? (1) Avoid giving time. (2) Give an appointment readily. (3) Tell him that u do not encourage students to visit at the residence. (4) Ignore the child. 3. If you come to know that a child of your class is facing problems related to parents’ separation at home, what would you do? 1) Do not talk to the child on this issue. (2) Treat her/him sympathetically. (3) Talk to the parents. (4) Be indifferent to the child. 4. If you come to know that the father of a student has been tested HIV positive, what will you do? (1) Disclose the inform ation to the class. (2) Make the child sit separately. (3) Ask the parents to withdraw the child. (4) Let him continue with the studies like others. 5. Kavya a student of your class, is visually challenged and you have a function coming up. What will you do? (1) Give her the part of a narrator. 2) Ask her to stay at home during the function. (3) Discourage her from participating. (4) Give her a less important duty. 6. Manjusha is very interested in sports and wants to pursue her career in sports. What will you suggest to her? (1) Girls have no future in sports. (2) She should put in hard work to achieve her ambition. (3) Ask her to be focused only in academics. (4) Girls cannot excel in sports as they are not physically strong. 7. Twelve year old Radhika has begun to imitate the style of talking of her teacher. This form of behavior is known as- (1) compensation (2) transference (3) sublimation (4) egocentrism 8. For conducting a social science class in an interesting way, teachers should- (1) give notes (2) give written homework (3) use role-plays effectively (4) encourage extra reading 9. A 11-12 year old child generally faces more problems related to- (1) eye hand coordination (2) anxiety about studies. (3) need for peer approval (4) understanding mathematics. 10. Which of the following is most essential for learning? (1) Good parent child relationship (2) High intelligence (3) Good school (4) Desire to learn 11. Which of the following is not good for quality learning? (1) Making notes (3) Extra reading (3) Using guide books (4) Self Study 12. Which of the following may damage a low achieving student psychologically? (1) Making children maintain record of the class test marks. (2) Discussing the marks of individual students in the class. (3) Discussing the correct answers in the class. 4) Making children correct their own notebooks. 13. When most of the students in a class do not understand a concept clearly, the teacher should- (1) repeat the lesson once again. (2) conduct hands on activities on that concept. (3) Ask students to take help from parents. (4) ignore and move to the next concept. 14. To correct the stammering problem of a class VIII student, a teacher should (1) ignore the child. (2) provide more opportunities for speaking. (3) c heck the child whenever she/he stammers. (4) seek professional help. 15. Which of the following statements about the role of a teacher is correct? 1) Teacher should be a critic only. (2) Teacher should favour good students. (3) Teacher should have a friendly attitude towards students. (4) Teacher should maintain a distance from students. 16. For ensuring and improving class discipline, the teacher should- (1) arrange regular parent- teacher meetings. (2) Call authorities to the class. (3) be strict with students and punish them. (4) evaluate the methods and approaches used in the class. 17. To address the diversity in academic achievement, an effective teaching method can be – (1) dictating notes (2) cooperative teaching. 3) lecturing (4)giving tests. 18. In which stage of cognitive development is a child, when she/he is able to work out problems logically and can do multiple classification? (1) Pre operational stage (2) Formal operational stage (3) Concrete operation stage ( 4) Sensori-motor stage 19. Gaurav of class VII gave a letter to his classmate Seema saying that he loves her. What should the teacher do? (1) Ignore the issue (2) Punish Gaurav (3) Counsel Gaurav appropriately (4) Let the Principal handle the issue 20. Children from the under privileged sections of the society can benefit more if they are (1) provided with training for self employment (2) exempted from homework and class tests. (3) provided with richer learning environment in school. (4) given simpler learning tasks. 21. Students in classes VII-VIII face problems mostly related to (1) identity crisis. (2) emotional sensitivity. (3) low interest in academic. (4) hyperactivity. 22. The term comprehensive evaluation implies- (1) evaluation conducted at several points of time. (2) evaluation by a group of teachers. (3) Several tests for long hours. 4) evaluation of scholastic and Co-scholastic aspects of pupil growth. 23. Talking to children of classes VI to VIII about â€Å"Growing up† is – (1) not required (2) essential. (3) counterproductive (4) detrimental 24. Which of the following statements about teaching is true? (1) Teaching is a prerequisite of learning. (2) Teaching facilitates learning. (3) Teaching restricts initiative of learners. (4) Teaching is necessary for good learning. 25. Sandhya and Mamta of class VII are bright students but are extremely jealous of each other. How will you, as a teacher, handle them? 1) Not bother as they will outgrow it. (2) Talk to them discreetly about healthy competition. (3) Discuss this with the whole class. (4) Convey your disapproval to them. 26. In a class, a student asks the teacher a question and the answer is not known to the teacher. As a teacher you should- (1) scold the child for asking such questions. (2) ignore the child and continue teaching. (3) tell the child that you will look for the answer. (4) feel ashamed that you did not known the answer. 27. A student who had misbehaved with the teacher in class VI, comes to the same teacher in class VIII. S/He avoids interacting with the teacher due to his/ her behavior. The teacher should (1) ignore the child. (2) remind the child of her/his past behaviour. (3) reassure her/him in a personal discussion. (4) call the parents and report the incidence. 28. Raju, a student of your class, is being teased by his classmates for his dark complexion. What do you need to do as a teacher? (1) Ignore this issue (2) Reprimand the class. (3) Tell Raju not to pay attention. (4) Talk to the class about individual differences. 29. Salim is very good in music but is not able to do well in Mathematics. As a teacher of Mathematics, how will you handle Salim? (1) Tell him that Music does not have a future. (2) Tell him to leave Music and study Maths. (3) Call his parents and talk to them. (4) Tell him that he can do well and explain the concepts to him. 30. While teaching if you realize that what you have taught is not correct, you should- (1) leave the topic unfinished and shift to another. (2) Tell the students that it was a mistake and correct it. (3) divert the attention of the students. (4) Scold students to finish the remaining tasks. How to cite Mauryan Empire, Papers

Expatriates In Effective Global Management -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Expatriates In Effective Global Management? Answer: Introducation The essay discusses the various theories and concepts associated with human behaviour in organization. The concepts of organizational behaviour revolve round the employees of any organization and the managers are directly provided with the benefits by utilizing these theories in their organization. Proper study of organizational behaviour guides the management or leaders to judge, feel, plan and make decisions according to their organizational settings. For the Managers as well as the employees this knowledge will help to predict, control and lead all the organizational events. This paper compares and contrasts various components which include core topics like importance of motivation, interpersonal communication among the employees and their superiors, group structure, their processes, attitude and perception development, change processes, work design, learning and work stress (Shapiro et al., 2016). This paper analyses theories of organizational behaviour from different perspective s. The theories of Intelligence analyse the persons ability to develop knowledge that need to be applied to certain tasks. In most of the cases, the knowledge is confused with intelligence but intelligence is ability to acquire knowledge and skills as well as remembering suitable information to do similar kind of job. According to the theorists, emotion is more important than rational intelligence or technical skills. In contrast to this, the Emotional Intelligence Theory aims to discuss the individuals ability to identify, understand, integrate and reflectively manage own and others feelings. There are two traits of emotional intelligence are positivists and Constructivist (Terera Ngirande, 2014). The managers in organizations need to understand their employees and know the best method to motivate them. As opposed by Vaiman, Haslberger and Vance (2015), One General Intelligence Theory is known a structural model in which the theorists believe that all intelligence originates from one general factor. In this theory the individuals measure every aspect of life from a particular perspective. It is a high affirmative correlation between the cognitive abilities and intelligence that reflect in learning any process and apply them in the organizational skills. On the other hand Cyrenne (2018) opines that Theories of Multiple Intelligences completely contrast one general intelligence theory . Another set of theorists like Gardner and Sternberg opposes this previous one. According to them, there are almost seven factors that affect the intelligence which help the employees in an organization to increase analytical, creative and practical intelligence. More the employees possess intelligence more that contribute in growth of their organizations. The employees of the organizations have mixture of different personalities, characteristics, beliefs as well as qualities based on which they contribute in the organizations which give rises to the Theories of Personality (Tillman, 2013). In the Personality Types A and B the theorists pursue that there are two extreme personality trait or behaviour syndromes that allow to judge different stress levels that control the peoples personalities. Type A personalities are found to be competitive, enduring of more work pressure, and attached to their tasks. These people work long hours and accomplish larger amount of tasks within tight deadline (Cyrenne, 2018). Type B are just opposite to type A. these people are more relaxed with their tasks and confident with completing any difficult tasks within deadline. They do not rush and cope with stress well therefore turn decisions around. Unlike type A they are less strive for perfection. The theorists like Vaiman, Haslberger and Vance (2015) argues that the personality has great importance in Predicting Job Performance. The leaders or manager of any organization can predict the actions of their employees based on their personality traits. They find abilities like conscientiousness, emotional stability, extraversion and agreeableness in their inferiors so that it become easily to run the operations. Beside these, 16 Personality Factors of Catell reveal that there are some contradictory personal factors which drive the personality of people greatly. Eysenks Dimensions of Personality discusses two dimensions such as extroverts and introverts. The extroverts are active, sociable, expressive and outward. The introverts on the other hand are reserved, quiet and passive. The leaders of the organizations realise and control or motivate the employees according to their personalities. The theories of Motivation capture the importance of motivation in an organization where the managers influence the employees based on their intensity, persistence of efforts to attain a goal (Westphal Zajac, 2013). Motivation combines various methods to produce needs, job design and satisfaction. There are numerous theories of motivation which have been developed in organizational behaviour literature. The Common-sense Theory differentiates the employees according to their common sense based on which the leaders motivate them. Theory X identifies people who are not so trust worthy, irrational, lazy whom the leaders motivate through money and threaten by punishments (Henry et al., 2015). Without proper control, these people follow their own goals which are contrary to that of the organization. Theory Y identifies people seeking independence, reliable therefore self-developed. These employees are more creative and capable of looking beyond the immediate circumstances. They adapt new components easily and strive for good of their organization. According to Expectancy Theory of Porter and Lawler, the individual motivation depends on the prediction of the outcome (Peltokorpi, Allen Froese, 2015). This theory focuses on chief three points valence, expectancy and instrumentality. These factors are closely related to one another. The researchers have identified different almost nine factors that affect the work motivation. These are Perceived value of rewards, Effort, Expectation of getting rewarded through performance, Individual abilities or traits, Role observations, Intrinsic rewards, Extrinsic rewards, Apparent equity of rewards, Work satisfaction. Fundamental Attribution Error on the other hand focuses on the reasons of some incidents occurred by people and identifies their next steps based on their personality often overlooking the external factors like social and contextual impacts. This is why various problems occur in the organization such as learning, communication, perception and motivation problems. There are cont extual factors like social, political and technological problems (Gerhards Mutz, 2017). In addition to this, there are competition, group formation, stricture and processing problems within the organization which affect the organizational behaviour greatly and directly control the operations. In contrast to this the Goal-setting theory established four chief proposition based on which the employees as well as the leaders set goals according to the needs of the organizations. It helps to explain the work behaviour, strive to try to meet all the objectives. The four factors are creating challenging goals, creating particular goals, participation objectives, predict the consequences of objectives. Goal setting theory help to enhance the equality of tasks, performance therefore results According to Gilley et al. (2015) in Herzbergs Two Factor Theory came up with the idea that would looks into the factors causing job satisfaction as well as job dissatisfaction. These factors that usually influence the employees to make a job satisfying are called the Motivator Factors and the factors that make the job dissatisfying are called Hygiene Factors. People feel motivated when they gain power, achieve authority and affiliation. These help them to gain more necessary skills that are needed in an organization. Theories of Attitudes and Behaviour is one of the most important aspect in the organizational behaviour (Shapiro et al., 2016). Attitude is a style of thinking and feeling something in a particular state of mind and accounting is a way that regulate the actions of an individual. Both these factors vary from person to person and changes with time and situation. Behaviour Modification theory discusses the methods through which people change their attitude and behaviour by newly found knowledge or learnings as well as technical support. These used by the employees to act in different ways. Scientists like Luthans and Kreitner found out that peoples behaviour alters and gets modified through five steps like identification, measurement, establishment, development and evaluation. The chief aspect of the Reinforcement theory is that peoples behaviour changes and repeats when gets reinforcements but continues to be same when reinforcement factor is absent (Bezrukova et al., 2016). This theory revolves round the positive and negative reinforcements where the behaviour changes with consequences. The Single and Double Loop Learning theory focuses on the learning process of the employees in the organization. In singe loop learning, people use feedback for making continuous adjustments or adaptations for maintain performance (Asrar-ul-Haq Kuchinke, 2016). On the contrary the double loop learning focuses on the challenging and redefining the assumptions so that the performance can be improved. Despite the fact that the time consumed by the single one is much shorter that the double one, but the idea is to improve quality where double loop process is more valued by the organizations. Social Cognitive theory opposes loop learning theory and points out that people lear n from others and then replicate them in their own behaviour. The employees learn from their superiors and colleagues and gain experience. This method is usually focussed on the listening and viewing behaviour rather than learning from own experience. Therefore, it can be concluded that the people of an organization are the chief components that must be cared for. These are the employees who are responsible for the growth of the organizations as well as their deterioration. This is the reason why the organizational behaviour is so very important to study for the authorities. By utilising these theories, they motivate their employees to contribute best for the organizations. References: Asrar-ul-Haq, M., Kuchinke, K. P. (2016). Impact of leadership styles on employees attitude towards their leader and performance: Empirical evidence from Pakistani banks.Future Business Journal,2(1), 54-64. Bezrukova, K., Spell, C. S., Caldwell, D., Burger, J. M. (2016). A multilevel perspective on faultlines: Differentiating the effects between group-and organizational-level faultlines.Journal of Applied Psychology,101(1), 86. Cyrenne, P. (2018). Salary Inequality, Team Success, League Policies, And The Superstar Effect.Contemporary Economic Policy,36(1), 200-214. Gerhards, J., Mutz, M. (2017). Who wins the championship? Market value and team composition as predictors of success in the top European football leagues.European Societies,19(3), 223-242. Gilley, A., Waddell, K., Hall, A., Jackson, S. A., Gilley, J. W. (2015). Manager behavior, generation, and influence on work-life balance: An empirical investigation.Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship,20(1), 3. Henry, C., Foss, L., Fayolle, A., Walker, E., Duffy, S. (2015). Entrepreneurial leadership and gender: Exploring theory and practice in global contexts.Journal of Small Business Management,53(3), 581-586. Peltokorpi, V., Allen, D. G., Froese, F. (2015). Organizational embeddedness, turnover intentions, and voluntary turnover: The moderating effects of employee demographic characteristics and value operations.Journal of Organizational Behavior,36(2), 292-312. Shapiro, D. L., Hom, P., Shen, W., Agarwal, R. (2016). How do leader departures affect subordinates organizational attachment? A 360-degree relational perspective.Academy of Management Review,41(3), 479-502. Terera, S. R., Ngirande, H. (2014). The impact of rewards on job satisfaction and employee retention.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,5(1), 481. Tillman, A. (2013). Improving Worker Satisfaction Yields Improved Worker?Retention Rates.Employment Relations Today,39(4), 27-31. Vaiman, V., Haslberger, A., Vance, C. M. (2015). Recognizing the important role of self-initiated expatriates in effective global talent management.Human Resource Management Review,25(3), 280-286. Westphal, J. D., Zajac, E. J. (2013). A behavioral theory of corporate governance: Explicating the mechanisms of socially situated and socially constituted agency.Academy of Management Annals,7(1), 607-661.

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